Posts

AI Agents Explained: What They Are, How They Work, When to Use Them

AI Agents Explained: What They Are, How They Work, When to Use Them Key idea: An "AI agent" is not a new kind of model. It is a loop your code runs : the model thinks about what to do next, requests a tool, your code executes that tool and hands back the result, and the model decides the next step. Understanding that loop — and who owns it — is 90% of understanding agents. The scenario: "Book me the cheapest flight next Friday" Imagine you hand that sentence to an AI and expect it to actually complete the booking. Think about what would have to happen for that to be real, not a demo: The AI needs to know where you're flying — and it doesn't, because you didn't say. It must ask, or guess. Guessing means it might book the wrong trip. It needs a way to search live flight inventory . A language model has no flight search inside it. It can only talk to a search system through a tool your code wires up. It needs to compare options by your ac...

RAG Explained: How AI Answers Questions from Your Documents

Imagine this: it's your first week at a new company, and you need a quick answer. You paste your employee handbook into a chat window and ask, "How many sick days roll over at year end?" The AI replies instantly, confidently, and — it turns out — completely wrong. It invented a "use-it-or-lose-it" policy your company has never had. The handbook was right there in its context window, but the model answered from habit instead of from your document. This failure has a name-shaped hole in the conversation: the model didn't know your document. It had never seen it before. It was trained on public internet text, not on your company's handbook, your codebase's wiki, or last quarter's pricing sheet. And that gap — between what the model learned during training and what you need it to answer right now — is exactly the problem retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) was invented to solve. In this post we'll break RAG down in plain language: wh...

How AI Chatbots Remember: Context Windows and Memory Explained

You are forty messages into planning a conference talk with your favorite AI chatbot. The conversation has been great. Back at message three, you told it two things: keep the talk under fifteen minutes, and don't use industry jargon. It nodded along — well, it typed something agreeable — and for the next hour the drafts were tight and jargon-free. Then you type: "Quick check — what were the two constraints I set at the start?" The chatbot answers instantly, with total confidence: "You asked me to keep it under twenty minutes and include a humorous opening anecdote." Neither of those things was ever said. Fifteen minutes became twenty. "No jargon" became "humorous anecdote." The bot didn't forget the way a person forgets — it confabulated , filling the gap with something plausible-sounding and wrong. That failure is not a glitch in your chatbot. It is the direct consequence of how these systems "remember" — and to und...

AI Coding Assistants: How Developers Use Copilot, Cursor & Beyond

Tuesday, 9:40 a.m. You have just inherited the billing module. The two developers who wrote it left the company months ago, and the ticket on top of your queue says, in full: "VAT calculation wrong for German customers. See line 47." You open billing/tax_rules.py — or the Java, Go, or TypeScript equivalent in your world — and find 600 lines of uncommented logic, a regular expression the length of a phone number, and a helper function called doMagic . Somewhere in this file is a bug that is costing real money, and the only documentation is the git history, which ends with the message "fix stuff" . A year ago, your options were: read every line, or find someone who remembered. Today there is a third option, and you are already using it: an AI coding assistant. But there is a gap between having one and using it well . This post closes that gap. It covers how developers actually use these tools day to day: what the tools are, the three modes they operate in, ho...

ChatGPT vs Claude vs Gemini: Which AI Assistant Should You Use in 2026?

📅 Comparison date: October 2026. AI assistants change fast — plan names, free-tier limits, and feature availability shift every few months. Treat this as a snapshot and check the official docs or pricing pages before paying for anything. Picture this: you've decided to stop fumbling with the free versions of AI assistants and actually commit — to one, for your daily work. Writing help, research, brainstorming, the occasional coding question. You open three tabs — ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini — and they all look capable. They all say they're smart. They all want you on a paid plan. So which one deserves your money — or even your attention? This guide compares the three assistants most people actually choose between on verifiable dimensions : how the free and paid tiers are structured, what each one can genuinely do, and where each one fits. No benchmark score-chasing, no leaked model names — just practical tradeoffs, current as of October 2026. At the end, a decision tab...